Flashcards and recall.

Try this with Philosophy & Reason

1. Write one prompt per card. Use definitions, explanations or examples from your current topic.
2. Answer aloud before turning the card. Split a card if it asks for several unrelated facts.
3. Set aside missed cards and revisit them in a later session.

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Recall topics

• What is an argument in Philosophy & Reason?
• What is a proposition?
• Claim versus proposition — what is the difference in use?
• What is a premise?
• Name four indicator words that usually signal a premise.
• Name four indicator words that usually signal a conclusion.
• What is a hidden (unstated) premise?
• What is standard form?
• What is an intermediate (sub-)conclusion?
• How should you handle rhetoric when deconstructing a stimulus argument?
• Define a deductively valid argument.
• Define a sound argument.
• Can an invalid argument have true premises and a true conclusion?
• Define an inductively strong argument.
• What is a cogent argument?
• What makes a claim plausible?
• What makes a claim credible?
• Deduction versus induction — the core difference?
• What is a generalisation argument and how is it tested?
• How is an argument from analogy evaluated?
• What do ~, &, ∨ and ⊃ stand for?
• Why is the syllabus disjunction ‘inclusive’?
• How do you symbolise ‘P only if Q’?
• How do you symbolise ‘P unless Q’?
• State the form of modus ponens.
• State the form of modus tollens.
• State the form of hypothetical syllogism.
• State the form of disjunctive syllogism.
• State the form of constructive dilemma.
• When is a conditional P ⊃ Q false?
• Affirming the consequent — form and why it fails.
• Denying the antecedent — form and why it fails.
• Ad populum
• Ad hominem — abusive versus circumstantial
• Tu quoque
• Post hoc ergo propter hoc
• Ad verecundiam
• Slippery slope (fallacious form)
• Begging the question
• Confirmation bias and its effect on reasoning