Year 12 · HSC / Investigating Science
Flashcards and recall.
Make a short deck from material you need to recall without notes.
Try this with Investigating Science
- Write one prompt per card. Use definitions, explanations or examples from your current topic.
- Answer aloud before turning the card. Split a card if it asks for several unrelated facts.
- Set aside missed cards and revisit them in a later session.
Recall topics
- What observation initiated Marshall and Warren's investigation into peptic ulcers?
- Why did Barry Marshall drink a culture of Helicobacter pylori in 1984?
- What later evidence convinced the medical community that H. pylori causes most peptic ulcers?
- What hypothesis did Van Helmont's willow-tree experiment test?
- What incorrect conclusion did Van Helmont draw, and what did he overlook?
- Name one strength of Van Helmont's experimental design.
- What chance observation started Percy Spencer's work on microwave cooking?
- What do the Marshall and Warren, Van Helmont and Spencer cases show about how investigations begin?
- What was the objective of Eratosthenes' investigation?
- What data did Eratosthenes use?
- State two assumptions in Eratosthenes' method.
- What phenomenon did Christian Doppler propose in 1842?
- How was Doppler's prediction first tested for sound in 1845?
- What did Priestley observe when he placed a sprig of mint in a jar of air in which a candle had burned out?
- Give one limitation of Priestley's sealed-jar experiments.
- What is the 'linear' model of the scientific method?
- Why is real scientific investigation often non-linear?
- Give an example of an investigation that did not follow a linear method.
- What makes a hypothesis testable?
- What is an inquiry question?
- Define the independent variable.
- Define the dependent variable.
- What are controlled variables and why do they matter?
- What is the purpose of a control group or control set-up?
- Why does sample size matter?
- What is a random sample?
- What is sampling bias?
- Why should a drug trial sample match the intended patient population?
- What is informed consent?
- How is confidentiality maintained in an investigation involving people?
- What do the 3Rs mean in animal research?
- Who must approve research involving human participants in Australia?
- Define validity.
- Define reliability.
- Define accuracy.
- Can results be reliable but not accurate?
- How do you check whether a conclusion is valid?
- List the usual sections of a scientific report in order.
- What does the introduction of a scientific report contain?
- What belongs in the results section?
Resource inventory inspected 4 November 2026. The main ATARMAXXING study platform is separate from tutoring. Topic labels show what was found, not a guarantee of complete curriculum coverage or tutor availability.
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